Iminera y'ibimera ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umwimerere ugereranije n'iminera y'ibimera ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umwimerere: Ingaruka ku buzima bw'inyamanswa

Organic vs. MuriInzira y'ibinyabuzima Ubutare: Uburyo bwo gukora ku buzima bw'amatungo n'ubushakashatsi

Incamake

Imyunyu ngugu ni intungamubiri z'ingenzi zigira uruhare mu gukora imisemburo, metabolisme y'uturemangingo duto (antioxidant), iterambere ry'imibiri y'amara, no kugenzura ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Ni ingenzi cyane mu matungo agezweho, inkoko, ubworozi bw'amafi, n'ubworozi bw'amatungo.

Mu myaka myinshi ishize, gahunda zisanzwe zo kugaburira abantu zashingiye cyane ku myunyu ngugu ishingiye kuri sulfate. Ariko, izi myunyu ngugu zikunze kujyana no kudakora neza, gushyuha cyane mu mara, kwanga cyane iyoni, guhungabanya mikorobe zo mu mara, no gusohora imyunyu ngugu myinshi.

Bitewe n'iterambere ry'imirire myiza, ubuhinzi budahumanya ibidukikije, n'ingamba zo kugabanya imiti yica udukoko, imyunyu ngugu ya aside amine na peptide ntoya irimo peptide zigenda zisimbura imyunyu ngugu isanzwe idakora. Yabaye uburyo bw'ingenzi mu mirire mu kunoza ubuzima bw'amara, kongera imbaraga mu kurwanya imihangayiko, no kugabanya imyunyu ngugu iva mu bidukikije.

Iyi nkuru igereranya mu buryo burambuye imyunyu ngugu ya organic na inorganic mu bijyanye no kurinda imiterere y'amara, kugenzura imbogamizi, gusana stress ya oxidative, no guhindura mikorobe. Isobanura kandi uburyo ikora kandi igatanga icyerekezo cya tekiniki ku mirire myiza no gucunga ubuzima bw'amara mu musaruro w'amatungo.

1. Uburyo bubi bw'imyunyu ngugu idakomoka ku bimera ku buzima bw'amara y'inyamaswa

Imyunyu ngugu idakomoka ku bimera iba ahanini muri sulfate, okiside, na chloride. Mu nzira y'igifu, ikunze kuboneka nk'iyoni z'icyuma zifunguye. Kwinjizwa kwazo ahanini biterwa no gukwirakwira kw'ibintu mu mubiri no gutwara iyoni, kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bimera bya phytate, oxalate, ibintu bifite fibre nyinshi, ndetse n'amakimbirane aturuka ku zindi iyoni z'icyuma. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ibintu muri rusange bukunze kuba buke, mu gihe igice kinini cya iyoni zifunguye zidashobora kwinjiza ziguma mu mara kandi zishobora guhora zitera ububabare mu mara.

Ubwa mbere, iyoni z’icyuma zifunguye zifite imikorere ikomeye ya ogisijeni. Cu2+, Fe2+, na Zn2+ bishobora gutuma habaho ubwoko bwa ogisijeni bukora neza, bikangiza lipide, poroteyine, na ADN mu turemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo z’amara. Ibi bishobora kongera urugero rwa malondialdehyde (MDA), bikagabanya imikorere ya enzymes zirwanya ogisijeni, kandi bigatera kwangirika kw’amara mu buryo buhoraho. Kongeramo ingano nyinshi y’imyunyu ngugu mu mara bishobora kugabanya uburebure bwa villus, byongera uburebure bwa crypt, kandi bikagabanya uburebure bwa villus kuva kuri depth kugeza kuri crypt (V/C) mu mara mato. Ibi bigabanya ubuso bushobora kwinjiza, bigahungabanya ivugururwa ry’uturemangingo, kandi bigatuma amatungo magufi ashobora kwangirika cyane, gucibwamo, no kudakura neza.

Icya kabiri, iyoni zidakora zishobora kwangiza imiterere y’amara ifatanye mu buryo bufatika binyuze mu kugabanya uburyo poroteyine n’imikorere ya poroteyine zifatanye mu buryo bufatika nka Occludin, ZO-1, na Claudin-1 zikoreshwa mu gutuma amara asohoka neza. Ibi byongera ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mu mara kandi bishobora gutera ikibazo cyitwa "imyotsi iva". Iyo uruzitiro rw’amara rumaze kwangirika, uburozi n’uturemangingo twangiza mu maraso bishobora kwinjira mu maraso byoroshye, bigatera ububyimbirwe budakira. Ibi bishobora kongera ubwivumbure bwa cytokines nka tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) na interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), bityo bigahagarika imikorere y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri n’imikorere y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri.

Hagati aho, urugero rwinshi rw'inyama zisigaye zishobora guhungabanya uburinganire bw'uturemangingo tw'amara. Zishobora kubuza kwiyongera kwa mikorobe z'ingirakamaro nka Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, na bagiteri zikora butyrate, mu gihe ziteza imbere ukwiyongera no kwiyongera kwa bagiteri mbi nka Escherichia coli na Salmonella. Ibi bishobora kugabanya ikorwa rya aside fatty acids (SCFAs) mu miyoboro migufi, bigatuma hadatangwa ingufu zihagije ku turemangingo tw'amara. Ingaruka ni ukugabanuka k'uruhago no kwangirika kw'imiyoboro, bigatuma amara akomereka cyane.

2. Ibyiza byo kurinda amara n'uburyo bw'ingenzi bw'imyunyu ngugu y'ibinyabuzima

Imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima ikoresha aside amine cyangwa peptide nto nk’uturemangingo kandi igakora imiterere ihamye ya chelated binyuze mu migozi ihuza ibintu. Ibi bigabanya kwitandukanya kwa iyoni y’icyuma kandi bigafasha kwirinda ubukana bw’amara no kwangirika kwa oxidative bikunze kujyana n’imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima. Hamwe n’uburyo bwihariye bwo gutwara ibintu n’inyungu za metabolisme, imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima itanga inkunga yuzuye ku miterere y’amara, ubusugire bw’inzitizi, kuringaniza mikorobe, no kurinda antioxidant.

Ku rwego rwo kwinjiza no gutwara, imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima ntabwo yishingikiriza gusa ku miyoboro isanzwe ya iyoni cyangwa ku gukwirakwiza mu mara. Ishobora kwinjiza mu mara binyuze mu byuma bitwara peptide nka PEPT1, bigatuma idahura n’ibibazo byo kwanga phytate, impinduka za pH, no guhangana na iyoni. Mu bihe bidasanzwe nko gutakaza umwanya wo konka, guhangayika mu bushyuhe, no kwangirika mu mara, sisitemu yo kwinjiza mu mara ishobora kwangirika. Imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima ishobora gufasha mu kubungabunga ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza mu mara no gutanga inkunga ihoraho y’imirire yo gusana amara. Iki ni kimwe mu byiza byayo by’ingenzi kuruta imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima.

Mu bijyanye no kurinda imiterere y'amara, imiterere ihamye ya chelated igabanya ingaruka mbi za oxidative ziterwa na iyoni z'icyuma zigenga. Imyunyu ngugu y'ibinyabuzima ishobora gufasha kongera uburebure bwa villus, kugabanya uburebure bwa crypt, kunoza imiterere y'amara, kwagura agace k'intungamubiri zinjiramo, no kunoza ubushobozi bwo gusya no gukurura. Muri icyo gihe, igira uruhare mu gukora enzymes zirwanya oxidative nka superoxide dismutase (SOD) na glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), gukora inzira zo gutanga ibimenyetso bya oxidative, gukuraho radicals zigenga, kugabanya stress ya oxidative mu mara, no gusana mucosa yangiritse y'amara.

Mu kugenzura imikorere y’imyobo y’amara, imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima ishobora kongera uburyo poroteyine zifatanye mu miyoboro, igakomeza isano iri hagati y’uturemangingo tw’amara, igabanya kwinjira mu mara, ikabuza uburozi bw’amara kwimuka, kandi ikagabanya ingaruka z’ububyimbirwe buhoraho. Ibi bifasha kugumana ubusugire bw’imyobo y’amara. Ku matungo magufi afite iterambere rito ry’amara, cyangwa amatungo afite ikibazo cyo guhindura imirire no guhangayika mu gutwara ibintu, imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima itanga inyungu z’agaciro zo gusana no kurinda.

Mu bijyanye no guhinduranya mikorobe mu mara, imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima ishobora gufasha kunoza imiterere ya mikorobe, kongera bagiteri nziza nka Firmicutes na bagiteri zikora butyrate, no guteza imbere ikorwa rya aside irike y’uruhererekane rugufi nka acetate na butyrate. Izi metabolites zitanga ingufu ku turemangingo tw’ingirabuzima fatizo zo mu mara, zikabuza ikwirakwira rya bagiteri mbi, zigakomeza ubuzima bwa mikorobe, kandi zikagabanya indwara zo gucibwamo, kubura igifu, n’izindi ndwara z’amara. Byongeye kandi, imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima ifite imiterere ihamye ya shimi kandi ntishobora kongerera imbaraga vitamine, amavuta, na probiotics mu biryo. Uku guhuza gukomeye kwemerera gukorana neza n’inyongera zitandukanye ku buzima bw’amara.

3. Kugereranya neza ingaruka zo kurinda amara

Muri rusange, imyunyu ngugu idakomoka ku bimera byujuje ibisabwa n’inyamaswa, ariko ikoreshwa ryayo rishobora no kujyana n’ingaruka mbi ku mara. Kuyikoresha cyane no kuyikoresha igihe kirekire bishobora kwangiza ubuzima bw’amara buri gihe, bigatuma ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bugabanuka, bikongera igihombo cy’umusaruro, kandi bikazamura imyunyu ngugu iva mu bidukikije.

Imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima irenze uruhare rusanzwe rwo kongeramo imyunyu ngugu. Itanga inyungu nyinshi, zirimo kuyungurura neza, kurwanya amakimbirane, gushyigikira antioxidant, kurinda imbogamizi, kugenzura mikorobe, no kurwanya stress. Ku rwego rwo hasi rwo kuyishyiramo, ishobora gufasha kugera ku musaruro mwiza kurusha imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima, mu gihe igabanya cyane isohoka ry’imyunyu ngugu mu mwanda. Ibi bihuye n’ibisabwa mu gukora inyamaswa zikomoka ku bimera n’izikomoka ku karubone nke.

Mu buhinzi bw’amatungo bufatika, imyunyu ngugu idakomoka ku bimera ishobora guhaza ibyifuzo by’ibanze mu buryo buhendutse. Ariko, ntabwo ikwiriye cyane mu gukemura ibibazo by’ubuhinzi bukabije, nko kwangirika kw’amara bitewe n’imihangayiko, imbogamizi zo mu mara zigoramye, ndetse n’indwara zikunze kugaragara. Imyunyu ngugu idakomoka ku bimera ni ingenzi mu mirire myiza, gukora imiti igabanya ubukana bw’ibimera, no gukora ubuhinzi bwiza. Ifasha ubuzima bw’amara kuva mu mizi, igabanya impfu n’ibice by’icyorezo, ikongera imikorere myiza, kandi ikongera inyungu mu bukungu.

4. Ishusho y'ubushakashatsi

Umusaruro w’amatungo wavuye ku rwego rwo guhaza gusa ibyo ukeneye by’ibanze ku mirire ujya ku rwego rushya rwibanze ku mirire ishingiye ku buzima n’imikorere myiza. Ubuzima bw’amara ni ishingiro ry’imikurire y’inyamaswa, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, no kurwanya imihangayiko, kandi bizakomeza kuba icyerekezo cy’ingenzi cy’ubushakashatsi bw’ejo hazaza. Ubushakashatsi n’ikoreshwa ry’imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabuzima byitezweho gutera imbere mu byerekezo bitatu by’ingenzi.

Ubwa mbere, gukoresha neza no gutandukanya ibintu bizarushaho kuba ingenzi. Hashingiwe ku moko y’inyamaswa, ibyiciro byo gukura, n’imimerere y’imihangayiko, imiti y’ubutare bw’umwimerere ishobora gukorwa kugira ngo igabanye buhoro buhoro kandi isimbuze imyunyu ngugu idakomoka ku bimera. Ibi bishobora kurinda amara neza ku gipimo gito cyo kuyishyiramo mu gihe bigabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

Icya kabiri, ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga buzarushaho kuba bwimbitse. Ubushakashatsi bw'ejo hazaza buzibanda ku buryo imyunyu ngugu y'ibinyabuzima igenzura imbogamizi zo mu mara, imikorere y'uturemangingo, inzira zo kubyimba, n'imikorere y'uturemangingo turwanya ogisijeni. Ibi bizafasha kunoza urwego rw'inyigisho ku bijyanye no kugenzura ubuzima bw'amara hakoreshejwe imyunyu ngugu y'ibinyabuzima kandi bitange inkunga y'amakuru kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buryo busanzwe.

Icya gatatu, ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabutabire n’iry’ubufatanye rizakwirakwira. Ubushakashatsi buzarushaho gusesengura uburyo imyunyu ngugu y’ibinyabutabire by’umwimerere ikoreshwa n’ibindi bicuruzwa bitanga ubuzima bw’amara, bifashe mu kubaka ibisubizo by’ubuzima bw’amara mu buryo butandukanye kandi bigashyigikira umusaruro udafite imiti yica udukoko, wibanda ku bwiza, kandi ugamije imikorere myiza mu gihe cyose cy’ubuhinzi.

Mu gihe kizaza, uko gahunda z'ubuhinzi zigenda zitera imbere na politiki y'ibidukikije ikarushaho gukomera, amabuye y'agaciro atagira umwimerere asigara cyane kandi atera ubushyuhe bwinshi azagabanuka buhoro buhoro. Gusimbuza amabuye y'agaciro atagira umwimerere n'amabuye y'agaciro atagira umwimerere bizaba inzira y'inganda n'inzira y'ingenzi y'ikoranabuhanga iganisha ku musaruro w'amatungo mu buryo bwiza, bunoze kandi bunoze.

5. Ibimenyetso by'igerageza: Isuzuma ry'inkomoko zitandukanye z'icyuma mu bana b'ingurube zokejwe

Igerageza ryakozwe ku bufatanye na Kaminuza ya Wuhan Polytechnic ryasuzumye ingaruka z'ubutare butandukanye ku kongeramo ubutare mu ngurube zakuweho. Ingurube 240 z'inkoko zidafite indwara zo mu bwoko bwa Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire zorojwe mu bwoko bwa hybrid zagabanyijwemo amatsinda ane ku buryo butunguranye:

Itsinda rya 1: Itsinda ry'igenzura, indyo y'ibanze idafite icyuma cyongewemo mu Imvange y'amabuye y'agaciro.

Itsinda rya 2: Itsinda rya ferrous sulfate, indyo y'ibanze yiyongereyeho ferrous sulfate.

Itsinda rya 3: Itsinda rya ferrous glycinate, indyo y'ibanze yiyongereyeho ferrous glycinate.

Itsinda rya 4: Itsinda rya aside amine ferrous, indyo y’ibanze yiyongereyeho aside amine ferrous.

Buri tsinda ryari rifite ingurube enye, hamwe n'ibyana 15 kuri buri ngurube. Igihe cy'igerageza cyamaze iminsi 28.

Ingaruka z'inkomoko zitandukanye z'icyuma ku miterere y'amara mu bana b'ingurube zokejwe

Igerageza ryavuzwe haruguru rigaragaza ko, ugereranije n’icyuma kidakoreshwa mu buhinzi, amasoko abiri y’icyuma kidakoreshwa mu buhinzi yatanze uburinzi bugaragara ku mara n’ubuziranenge bw’amara mu ngurube zo mu bwana.

Igishushanyo: Imiterere y'ibinure by'inkari mu buryo butandukanye bw'icyuma

Itsinda rya ferrous sulfate

Itsinda rya feri rya glycinate

Itsinda ry'aside amine ikoze mu byuma bya ferrous